Subunit Vaccine Market
Subunit Vaccine Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report by Product Type (Protein Antigen, and Polysaccharide Antigen), by Production Type (Denaturing of Proteins, and Genetic Engineering), by Immune Responses Type (Antigen-Presenting Cells (APCs), Cell-Mediated Immunity, Cytokines, Mucosal, and Others), and by Disease (Infectious Disease, Diphtheria, Tetanus and Pertussis (DTP), HPV, Measles, Mumps and Rubella (MMR), and Others) Forecast Period (2024-2031)
Subunit vaccine market is anticipated to grow at a significant CAGR of 10.9% during the forecast period (2024-2031). The market growth is attributed to the improvement of more accessible and efficient vaccine development techniques. Significant advancements have been made in formulations, storage, and distribution techniques to improve efficacy and simplify delivery to a range of patients. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in November 2022, approximately 16.0 billion vaccine doses, worth $141.0 billion, were supplied in 2021, almost three times the 2019 market volume (5.8 billion) and nearly three-and-a-half times the 2019 market value ($38.0 billion).
Market Dynamics
Increasing Demand for Nanoparticle-Based Delivery Systems
Subunit vaccinations have grown increasingly successful owing to the application of nanotechnology, which enhances antigen transport and stability. Additionally, there are several significant benefits that nano vaccines—vaccines that use nanoparticles (NPs) as carriers and adjuvants—offer over conventional vaccines. These benefits include a reduction in the rate at which antigens degrade, an improvement in the stability of antigens, an improvement in the therapeutic efficacy and immunogenicity of vaccines, facilitation of phagocytosis and quick processing by APCs, and an enhancement in cellular membrane penetrability.
Innovations in Adjuvant Technology to Enhance the Immune Response
Technological advancements in adjuvants to improve the immunological response to subunit vaccinations. Novel adjuvants have the potential to increase efficacy while lowering dosage requirements. Subunit vaccinations are generally thought to be safe, therefore, a vaccine that is formulated with innovative adjuvants has a great chance of enhancing its potential and effectively imparting greater protection. Vaccination or vaccines in formulation with innovative adjuvants may combat pathogens with a high antigenic diversity. The four types of vaccinations currently accessible to the human population are inactivated, live-attenuated, subunit, and nucleic acid-based vaccines.
Market Segmentation
- Based on the product type, the market is segmented into protein antigen and polysaccharide antigen.
- Based on the production type, the market is segmented into denaturing of proteins, and genetic engineering technology.
- Based on the immune response type, the market is segmented into antigen-presenting cells (APCs), cell-mediated immunity, cytokines, mucosal, and others.
- Based on the disease, the market is segmented into infectious disease, diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis (DTP), HPV, measles, mumps and rubella (MMR), and others.
Protein Antigen is Projected to Hold the Largest Segment
The primary factors supporting the growth include increasing trends toward the minimization approach and isolation of antigens from pathogens that invoke a strong neutralizing immune response. In general, antibodies are only produced in response to the portions of the protein immunogen's surface that diverge from those of the vaccinated animal's homologous protein. The highly contagious seasonal respiratory virus causes lower respiratory tract infections and pneumonia that causes a particularly large burden of disease in infants and older adults. For instance, in May 2024, Moderna, Inc. announced that the US FDA approved mRESVIA (mRNA-1345), an mRNA respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine, to protect adults aged 60 years and older from lower respiratory tract disease caused by RSV infection. The approval was granted under a breakthrough therapy designation and marks the second approved mRNA product from Moderna.
Infectious Disease to Hold a Considerable Market Share
The factors supporting segment growth include rising viral disease rates, rising immunization awareness, and government campaigns to support immunization programs. Major companies such as Pfizer, GSK, AstraZeneca, and Serum Institute dominate the fiercely competitive market. An increasing emphasis is being placed on assuring vaccine safety, efficacy, and accessibility, as evidenced by the regulatory trend in the vaccination business. Governments globally are putting a lot of effort into pushing manufacturers to adhere to quality standards, tracking the distribution of vaccines, and expediting the clearance process. For instance, in October 2023, Emergex and Saudi Arabia’s Vaccine Industrial Company (VIC) signed a MoU to advance first-of-its-kind infectious disease solutions. Emergex and VIC plan to collaborate to develop and commercialize Emergex’s proprietary T cell-based vaccine candidates as designated in Saudi Arabia and the agreed Territory (including the GCC Member States, other Middle Eastern territories, and specified regions).
Regional Outlook
The global subunit vaccine market is further segmented based on geography including North America (the US, and Canada), Europe (the UK, Italy, Spain, Germany, France, and the Rest of Europe), Asia-Pacific (India, China, Japan, South Korea, and Rest of Asia-Pacific), and the Rest of the World (the Middle East & Africa, and Latin America).
Global Subunit Vaccine Market Growth by Region 2024-2031
North America Holds Major Market Share
The market growth is attributed to the government's campaigns to promote vaccination and increased awareness. Other factors that are anticipated to contribute to the market's expansion include the US FDA's recent approval of an influenza vaccine, rapid technical advancements, and intense competition among companies. According to the Health Industry Distributors Association, the US vaccine market is valued at $23.8 billion in 2023 and is projected to increase 47.0% to $35.1 billion in 2030. Manufacture an estimated 170 million doses of the influenza vaccine for the 2023–2024 flu season. The key players introducing approved vaccines for infectious disease. For instance, in October 2023, Pfizer Inc. announced that the US FDA approved PENBRAYA (meningococcal groups A, B, C, W, and Y vaccine), the first and only pentavalent vaccine that provides coverage against the most common serogroups causing meningococcal disease in adolescents and young adults 10 through 25 years of age.
Market Players Outlook
*Note: Major Players Sorted in No Particular Order.
The major companies serving the subunit vaccine market include GlaxoSmithKline PLC, Merck & Co. Inc., Pfizer, Inc., Reber Genetics, and Sanofi S.A. among others. The market players are increasingly focusing on business expansion and product development by applying strategies such as collaborations, mergers and acquisitions to stay competitive in the market.
Recent Development
- In February 2023, Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Ltd. a commercial-stage biotechnology company announced the introduction of its COVID-19 vaccine, a recombinant SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccine, in the People’s Republic of China, which began with the first doses delivered and administered in Changxing, Zhejiang as part of China’s national second booster dose (fourth vaccination dose) campaign targeting older adults, immunocompromised individuals and individuals with comorbidities (LINK).
The Report Covers
- Market value data analysis of 2023 and forecast to 2031.
- Annualized market revenues ($ million) for each market segment.
- Country-wise analysis of major geographical regions.
- Key companies operating in the subunit vaccine market. Based on the availability of data, information related to new products, and relevant news is also available in the report.
- Analysis of business strategies by identifying the key market segments positioned for strong growth in the future.
- Analysis of market-entry and market expansion strategies.
- Competitive strategies by identifying ‘who-stands-where’ in the market.
1. Report Summary
• Current Industry Analysis and Growth Potential Outlook
1.1. Research Methods and Tools
1.2. Market Breakdown
1.2.1. by Segments
1.2.2. by Region
2. Market Overview and Insights
2.1. Scope of the Report
2.2. Analyst Insight & Current Market Trends
2.2.1. Key Industry Trends
2.2.2. Recommendations
2.2.3. Conclusion
3. Competitive Landscape
3.1. Key Company Analysis
3.2. GlaxoSmithKline PLC
3.2.1. Overview
3.2.2. Financial Analysis
3.2.3. SWOT Analysis
3.2.4. Recent Developments
3.3. Merck & Co. Inc.
3.3.1. Overview
3.3.2. Financial Analysis
3.3.3. SWOT Analysis
3.3.4. Recent Developments
3.4. Pfizer, Inc.
3.4.1. Overview
3.4.2. Financial Analysis
3.4.3. SWOT Analysis
3.4.4. Recent Developments
3.5. Reber Genetics
3.5.1. Overview
3.5.2. Financial Analysis
3.5.3. SWOT Analysis
3.5.4. Recent Developments
3.6. Sanofi S.A.
3.6.1. Overview
3.6.2. Financial Analysis
3.6.3. SWOT Analysis
3.6.4. Recent Developments
3.7. Key Strategy Analysis
4. Market Segmentation
4.1. Global Subunit Vaccine Market by Product Type
4.1.1. Protein Antigen
4.1.2. Polysaccharide Antigen
4.2. Global Subunit Vaccine Market by Production Type
4.2.1. Denaturing of Proteins
4.2.2. Genetic Engineering
4.3. Global Subunit Vaccine Market by Immune Responses Type
4.3.1. Antigen-Presenting Cells (APCS)
4.3.2. Cell-Mediated Immunity
4.3.3. Cytokines (Direct Th1 Or Th2 Immune Responses)
4.3.4. Mucosal
4.3.5. Others (Innate Immune Response)
4.4. Global Subunit Vaccine Market by Disease
4.4.1. Infectious Disease
4.4.2. Diphtheria, Tetanus and Pertussis (DTP)
4.4.3. HPV
4.4.4. Measles, Mumps and Rubella (MMR)
4.4.5. Others (Rotavirus)
5. Regional Analysis
5.1. North America
5.1.1. United States
5.1.2. Canada
5.2. Europe
5.2.1. UK
5.2.2. Germany
5.2.3. Italy
5.2.4. Spain
5.2.5. France
5.2.6. Rest of Europe
5.3. Asia-Pacific
5.3.1. China
5.3.2. India
5.3.3. Japan
5.3.4. South Korea
5.3.5. Rest of Asia-Pacific
5.4. Rest of the World
5.4.1. Latin America
5.4.2. Middle East and Africa
6. Company Profiles
6.1. Algenex S.L.
6.2. Arbutus Biopharma Corp.
6.3. Astellas Pharma Inc.
6.4. AstraZeneca PLC
6.5. Bharat Biotech
6.6. Clover Biopharmaceuticals Ltd.
6.7. Creative Biolabs
6.8. Dynavax Technologies Corp.
6.9. Emergent Biosolutions
6.10. Indian Immunologicals Ltd.
6.11. Mitsubishi Tanabe
6.12. Novartis International AG
6.13. QED Biosciences Inc.
6.14. Roche Holding AG
6.15. Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd.
6.16. Shenzhen Kangtai Biological Products
6.17. Takeda Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
6.18. Valneva SE
6.19. Vaxine Pty Ltd.
6.20. Virbac
1. Global Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Product Type, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
2. Global Protein Antigen Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Region, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
3. Global Polysaccharide Antigen Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Region, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
4. Global Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Production Type, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
5. Global Subunit Vaccine Production by Denaturing of Proteins Market Research and Analysis by Region, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
6. Global Subunit Vaccine Production by Genetic Engineering Market Research and Analysis by Region, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
7. Global Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Immune Responses Type, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
8. Global Antigen-Presenting Cells (APCS) Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Region, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
9. Global Cell-Mediated Immunity Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Region, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
10. Global Cytokines Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Region, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
11. Global Mucosal Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Region, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
12. Global Other Immune Responses Type Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Region, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
13. Global Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Disease, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
14. Global Subunit Vaccine for Infectious Disease Market Research and Analysis by Region, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
15. Global Subunit Vaccine for Diphtheria, Tetanus and Pertussis (DTP) Market Research and Analysis by Region, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
16. Global Subunit Vaccine for HPV Market Research and Analysis by Region, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
17. Global Subunit Vaccine for Measles, Mumps and Rubella (MMR) Market Research and Analysis by Region, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
18. Global Subunit Vaccine for Others Disease Market Research and Analysis by Region, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
19. Global Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Region, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
20. North American Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Country, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
21. North American Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Product Type, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
22. North American Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Production Type, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
23. North American Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Immune Responses Type, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
24. North American Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Disease, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
25. European Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Country, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
26. European Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Product Type, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
27. European Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Production Type, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
28. European Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Immune Responses Type, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
29. European Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Disease, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
30. Asia-Pacific Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Country, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
31. Asia-Pacific Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Product Type, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
32. Asia-Pacific Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Production Type, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
33. Asia-Pacific Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Immune Responses Type, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
34. Asia-Pacific Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Disease, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
35. Rest of the World Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Region, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
36. Rest of the World Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Product Type, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
37. Rest of the World Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Production Type, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
38. Rest of the World Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Immune Responses Type, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
39. Rest of the World Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Disease, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
1. Global Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Product Type, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
2. Global Protein Antigen Subunit Vaccine Market Share by Region, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
3. Global Polysaccharide Antigen Subunit Vaccine Market Share by Region, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
4. Global Subunit Vaccine Market Research and Analysis by Production Type, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
5. Global Subunit Vaccine Production by Denaturing of Proteins Market Share by Region, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
6. Global Subunit Vaccine Production by Genetic Engineering Market Share by Region, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
7. Global Subunit Vaccine Market Share by Immune Responses Type, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
8. Global Antigen-Presenting Cells (APCS) Subunit Vaccine Market Share by Region, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
9. Global Cell-Mediated Immunity Subunit Vaccine Market Share by Region, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
10. Global Cytokines Subunit Vaccine Market Share by Region, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
11. Global Mucosal Subunit Vaccine Market Share by Region, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
12. Global Other Immune Responses Type Subunit Vaccine Market Share by Region, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
13. Global Subunit Vaccine Market Share by Disease, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
14. Global Subunit Vaccine for Infectious Disease Market Share by Region, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
15. Global Subunit Vaccine for Diphtheria, Tetanus and Pertussis (DTP) Market Share by Region, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
16. Global Subunit Vaccine for HPV Market Share by Region, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
17. Global Subunit Vaccine for Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) Market Share by Region, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
18. Global Subunit Vaccine for Other Disease Market Share by Region, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
19. Global Subunit Vaccine Market Share by Region, 2023 Vs 2031 (%)
20. US Subunit Vaccine Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
21. Canada Subunit Vaccine Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
22. UK Subunit Vaccine Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
23. France Subunit Vaccine Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
24. Germany Subunit Vaccine Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
25. Italy Subunit Vaccine Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
26. Spain Subunit Vaccine Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
27. Rest of Europe Subunit Vaccine Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
28. India Subunit Vaccine Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
29. China Subunit Vaccine Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
30. Japan Subunit Vaccine Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
31. South Korea Subunit Vaccine Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
32. Rest of Asia-Pacific Subunit Vaccine Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
33. Rest of the World Subunit Vaccine Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
34. Latin America Subunit Vaccine Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
35. Middle East and Africa Subunit Vaccine Market Size, 2023-2031 ($ Million)
